中国于2007年签署了《残疾人权利国际公约》,并于2008年批准该公约。中国成为缔约国时没有对公约作保留、谅解或声明。
自批准《公约》以来,中国接受了一次委员会的审查。下一次审查时间待定。下列是中国落实《公约》情况审议的官方文件和中国人权的参与。
《残疾人权利国际公约》(下称《公约》)于2006年获联合国大会通过,并于2008年生效。《公约》旨在促进和保护所有残疾人全面、平等地享有权利,确认在特定情况下进行必要的调整,以确保残疾人能够平等地享有和行使权利。《公约》缔约国的义务如下:
此外,《残疾人权利国际公约》设立残疾人权利委员会 (下称“委员会”),由18名残疾人权利方面的独立专家组成,每年在日内瓦举行两次会议。委员会通过起草关于公约义务范围的一般性意见、发表残疾人权利相关议题的声明、审查缔约国落实公约的进展情况,以指导、监督缔约国遵守《公约》。根据《任择议定书》,经签署国授权,委员会可以接受指控缔约国侵犯《公约》规定权利的个案申诉和来文,也可以进一步对严重、系统侵犯残疾人权利的有关信息展开秘密调查。截至目前(2014年8月),中国还不是任择议定书的缔约国,因此委员会不能接受有关中国的个案申诉或调查。
依照审议程序,缔约国必须每四年向委员会提交一次执行公约情况的报告以供审议。为准备缔约国审议,委员会任命一到两名委员为“国别报告员”,负责起草“问题清单”,提出委员会的优先议题以及缔约国在审查前应当提交的额外信息。在考虑所有材料后,委员会与缔约国代表展开互动对话,来进行审议。审议之后,国别报告员拟定结论性意见,最后由委员会通过,它包括审议的最后评审意见和审议中提出的建议。委员会可能确定具体领域进行跟进,要求缔约国在一年内提供额外信息。在这种情况下,委员会将任命一名报告员跟进缔约国执行公约的情况。
民间社会成员可以通过提交报告、口头陈述、向委员们作简报等方式,为委员会提供意见。委员会也鼓励缔约国在准备国家报告及后续程序中咨询和吸收来自民间社会成员,尤其是残疾人组织的信息,并且在审查结束后广泛散发结论性意见。除了吸收来自民间社会成员的信息外,委员会也会考虑来自其他有关各方的意见,比如联合国机构和国家人权机构的信息。
中国于2007年签署了《残疾人权利国际公约》,并于2008年批准该公约。中国成为缔约国时没有对公约作保留、谅解或声明。
自批准《公约》以来,中国接受了一次委员会的审查。下一次审查时间待定。下列是中国落实《公约》情况审议的官方文件和中国人权的参与。
第一次审议 (2012年)
Links
[1] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/zhong-guo-yu-lian-he-guo
[2] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/node/12252
[3] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[4] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/2018nian-lian-he-guo-dui-zhong-guo-de-pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[5] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/2013nian-dui-zhong-guo-de-pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[6] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/2009nian-dui-zhong-guo-de-pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[7] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/te-bie-cheng-xu
[8] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/lian-he-guo-tiao-yue-ji-gou-yu-zhong-guo
[9] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/zhong-guo-he-jin-zhi-ku-xing-gong-yue
[10] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/can-ji-ren-quan-li-guo-ji-gong-yue-crpd
[11] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/er-tong-quan-li-gong-yue-crc
[12] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/xiao-chu-dui-fu-nu-yi-qie-xing-shi-qi-shi-gong-yue-cedaw
[13] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/xiao-chu-yi-qie-xing-shi-chong-zu-qi-shi-guo-ji-gong-yue-cerd
[14] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/gong-min-quan-li-he-zheng-zhi-quan-li-guo-ji-gong-yue-iccpr
[15] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/jing-ji-she-hui-wen-hua-quan-li-guo-ji-gong-yue-icescr
[16] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3iQ5DhHqtYki6j%2bNQWbNLC9P3u7AitqkkcjU%2fGaFHdT93Peas2xrOUCyAjx8aDb6mxS8KZpYwjl6v026SkbAyrv
[17] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3iQ5DhHqtYki6j%2bNQWbNLC9nZbmsP1dxAB9RAgWXP0t2DEmoAE8E3R3McRkFUV%2faD1FpCU9%2fA1U%2fEy4ZOSWyAlQ
[18] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3gVt8F1CucD60PhJ3sWXSoZodgRLerNXdMIasi3ZUH0ztyMpOzBxwg3AR%2bvYSzCx5VhsUcRdOipos5A5IS7XFH0
[19] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3gVt8F1CucD60PhJ3sWXSoZ3Kt5mfTmc3NhkyxVQBaEbULd1bPQ9j%2f13Xl5lekGs8wXmD1t%2b2wc2A1LtvOynwbC
[20] http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CRPD/Shared%20Documents/CHN/CRPD_C_CHN_Q_1_ADD-1_12592_E.doc
[21] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3gkEfLhseU4SXYKclRZNMtiGonI4SBzMiNQEXX73yN3wjd3wjKcaNs%2bN2lY9b1ptrCjFOzOQqy8ll0UZ1tkAvRPNemibl5kwye45dzRvAO8ug%3d%3d
[22] http://www.big5.hrichina.org/sites/default/files/hric_submission_on_prc_initial_report_17_july_2012.pdf
[23] ../sites/default/files/hric_submission_to_crpd_ch_selects.pdf
[24] https://www.hrichina.org/en/content/6297
[25] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/content/6299
[26] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3jLWXscOK3cW%2bh6NEqWxDjRLAKgX49CP9xOmOS0nj0fJI6mx6njq3Tv58P4WDFvkFxr7OiXNvC6PeGM3EfDJXnQ
[27] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3jLWXscOK3cW%2bh6NEqWxDjRLAKgX49CP9xOmOS0nj0fJHNv%2b1SI4%2fKzMuyj25QwQmA%2ba7TUo%2fk53NmoAaw96%2fyE
[28] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsgEjn0tpN1slCSGfbZH1tmLS1uUQu7eriBiIgs%2fu1Sqv6kv%2bs%2fEGjCG7HiAFTMgsMFWFHkavCDAsq2n4eeVCZ%2bOzyG%2fM69VmGvz%2bdkQjpwWY
[29] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsgEjn0tpN1slCSGfbZH1tmIz4blLYgU65op6cSchUq4YvCdotIO%2fXRQEqF%2bHr7wYy8sBVR5h3p342Oo8tVJFoZihiR6VRm4B5Ta2wTaxMY3F
[30] http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/CRPDIndex.aspx
[31] http://www.ohchr.org/CH/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/CRPDIndex.aspx
[32] http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/ConventionRightsPersonsWithDisabilities.aspx
[33] http://www.ohchr.org/CH/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/ConventionRightsPersonsWithDisabilities.aspx
[34] http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/rapporteur
[35] http://www.un.org/chinese/disabilities/default.asp?navid=9&pid=699
[36] http://www.un.org/disabilities/
[37] http://www.un.org/chinese/disabilities/
[38] http://disabilitycouncilinternational.org/
[39] http://www.internationaldisabilityalliance.org/
[40] http://www.treatybodywebcast.org/
[41] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/juan-kuan-fang-shi
[42] http://eepurl.com/bh-Afn
[43] http://www.youtube.com/user/hrichina
[44] http://www.twitter.com/hrichina
[45] http://www.facebook.com/hrichina