中國於2007年簽署了《殘疾人權利國際公約》,並於2008年批准該公約。中國成為締約國時沒有對公約作保留、諒解或聲明。
自批准《公約》以來,中國接受了一次委員會的審查。下一次審查時間待定。下列是中國落實《公約》情況審議的官方文件和中國人權的參與。
《殘疾人權利國際公約》(下稱《公約》)於2006年獲聯合國大會通過,並於2008年生效。《公約》旨在促進和保護所有殘疾人全面、平等地享有權利,確認在特定情況下進行必要的調整,以確保殘疾人能夠平等地享有和行使權利。《公約》締約國的義務如下:
此外,《殘疾人權利國際公約》設立殘疾人權利委員會(下稱“委員會”),由18名殘疾人權利方面的獨立專家組成,每年在日內瓦舉行兩次會議。委員會通過起草關於公約義務範圍的一般性意見、發表殘疾人權利相關議題的聲明、審查締約國落實公約的進展情況,以指導、監督締約國遵守《公約》。根據《任擇議定書》,經簽署國授權,委員會可以接受指控締約國侵犯《公約》規定權利的個案申訴和來文,也可以進一步對嚴重、系統侵犯殘疾人權利的有關信息展開秘密調查。截至目前(2014年8月),中國還不是任擇議定書的締約國,因此委員會不能接受有關中國的個案申訴或調查。
依照審議程序,締約國必須每四年向委員會提交一次執行公約情況的報告以供審議。為準備締約國審議,委員會任命一到兩名委員為“國別報告員”,負責起草“問題清單”,提出委員會的優先議題以及締約國在審查前應當提交的額外信息。在考慮所有材料後,委員會與締約國代表展開互動對話,來進行審議。審議之後,國別報告員擬定結論性意見,最後由委員會通過,它包括審議的最後評審意見和審議中提出的建議。委員會可能確定具體領域進行跟進,要求締約國在一年內提供額外信息。在這種情況下,委員會將任命一名報告員跟進締約國執行公約的情況。
民間社會成員可以通過提交報告、口頭陳述、向委員們作簡報等方式,為委員會提供意見。委員會也鼓勵締約國在準備國家報告及後續程序中諮詢和吸收來自民間社會成員,尤其是殘疾人組織的信息,並且在審查結束後廣泛散發結論性意見。除了吸收來自民間社會成員的信息外,委員會也會考慮來自其他有關各方的意見,比如聯合國機構和國家人權機構的信息。
中國於2007年簽署了《殘疾人權利國際公約》,並於2008年批准該公約。中國成為締約國時沒有對公約作保留、諒解或聲明。
自批准《公約》以來,中國接受了一次委員會的審查。下一次審查時間待定。下列是中國落實《公約》情況審議的官方文件和中國人權的參與。
第一次審議(2012年)
Links
[1] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/zhong-guo-yu-lian-he-guo
[2] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/node/12252/
[3] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[4] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/2018nian-lian-he-guo-dui-zhong-guo-de-pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[5] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/2013nian-dui-zhong-guo-de-pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[6] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/2009nian-dui-zhong-guo-de-pu-bian-ding-qi-shen-yi
[7] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/te-bie-cheng-xu
[8] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/lian-he-guo-tiao-yue-ji-gou-yu-zhong-guo
[9] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/zhong-guo-he-jin-zhi-ku-xing-gong-yue
[10] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/can-ji-ren-quan-li-guo-ji-gong-yue-crpd
[11] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/er-tong-quan-li-gong-yue-crc
[12] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/xiao-chu-dui-fu-nu-yi-qie-xing-shi-qi-shi-gong-yue-cedaw
[13] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/xiao-chu-yi-qie-xing-shi-zhong-zu-qi-shi-guo-ji-gong-yue-cerd
[14] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/gong-min-quan-li-he-zheng-zhi-quan-li-guo-ji-gong-yue-iccpr
[15] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/jing-ji-she-hui-wen-hua-quan-li-guo-ji-gong-yue-icescr
[16] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3iQ5DhHqtYki6j%2bNQWbNLC9P3u7AitqkkcjU%2fGaFHdT93Peas2xrOUCyAjx8aDb6mxS8KZpYwjl6v026SkbAyrv
[17] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3iQ5DhHqtYki6j%2bNQWbNLC9nZbmsP1dxAB9RAgWXP0t2DEmoAE8E3R3McRkFUV%2faD1FpCU9%2fA1U%2fEy4ZOSWyAlQ
[18] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3gVt8F1CucD60PhJ3sWXSoZodgRLerNXdMIasi3ZUH0ztyMpOzBxwg3AR%2bvYSzCx5VhsUcRdOipos5A5IS7XFH0
[19] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3gVt8F1CucD60PhJ3sWXSoZ3Kt5mfTmc3NhkyxVQBaEbULd1bPQ9j%2f13Xl5lekGs8wXmD1t%2b2wc2A1LtvOynwbC
[20] http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CRPD/Shared%20Documents/CHN/CRPD_C_CHN_Q_1_ADD-1_12592_E.doc
[21] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3gkEfLhseU4SXYKclRZNMtiGonI4SBzMiNQEXX73yN3wjd3wjKcaNs%2bN2lY9b1ptrCjFOzOQqy8ll0UZ1tkAvRPNemibl5kwye45dzRvAO8ug%3d%3d
[22] http://www.big5.hrichina.org/sites/default/files/hric_submission_on_prc_initial_report_17_july_2012.pdf
[23] https://www.hrichina.org/sites/default/files/hric_submission_to_crpd_ch_selects.pdf
[24] https://www.hrichina.org/en/content/6297
[25] https://www.hrichina.org/chs/content/6299
[26] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3jLWXscOK3cW%2bh6NEqWxDjRLAKgX49CP9xOmOS0nj0fJI6mx6njq3Tv58P4WDFvkFxr7OiXNvC6PeGM3EfDJXnQ
[27] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsrBkvDLHrFFq8wSOe2z9g3jLWXscOK3cW%2bh6NEqWxDjRLAKgX49CP9xOmOS0nj0fJHNv%2b1SI4%2fKzMuyj25QwQmA%2ba7TUo%2fk53NmoAaw96%2fyE
[28] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsgEjn0tpN1slCSGfbZH1tmLS1uUQu7eriBiIgs%2fu1Sqv6kv%2bs%2fEGjCG7HiAFTMgsMFWFHkavCDAsq2n4eeVCZ%2bOzyG%2fM69VmGvz%2bdkQjpwWY
[29] http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2fPPRiCAqhKb7yhsgEjn0tpN1slCSGfbZH1tmIz4blLYgU65op6cSchUq4YvCdotIO%2fXRQEqF%2bHr7wYy8sBVR5h3p342Oo8tVJFoZihiR6VRm4B5Ta2wTaxMY3F
[30] http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/CRPDIndex.aspx
[31] http://www.ohchr.org/CH/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/CRPDIndex.aspx
[32] http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/ConventionRightsPersonsWithDisabilities.aspx
[33] http://www.ohchr.org/CH/HRBodies/CRPD/Pages/ConventionRightsPersonsWithDisabilities.aspx
[34] http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/rapporteur.htm
[35] http://www.un.org/chinese/disabilities/default.asp?navid=9&pid=699
[36] http://www.un.org/disabilities/
[37] http://www.un.org/chinese/disabilities/
[38] http://disabilitycouncilinternational.org/
[39] http://www.internationaldisabilityalliance.org/
[40] http://www.treatybodywebcast.org/
[41] https://www.hrichina.org/cht/juan-kuan-fang-shi
[42] http://eepurl.com/bh-Afn
[43] http://www.youtube.com/user/hrichina
[44] http://www.twitter.com/hrichina
[45] http://www.facebook.com/hrichina